Langston Hughes’s “Theme for English B”

African American Literature can often be characterized by having a dual identity, especially in the early to mid-twentieth century. This dual reality is reflective of the African American’s heritage and present circumstances. With a heritage of forced immigration into the country, and limited rights and racism after slavery is abolished, there is a borderline pride and hatred. It is very possible to have both of these feelings, and authors reveal this confusing notion through the expression of poetry.Yes, the writers are proud of being Americans, but at the same time, are always conscience of the fact that in the land of opportunity, the color of their skin will perhaps always be not only noticed but also will limit them and their children. There are many texts that portray this dual identity of the African American, including Langston Hughes’s â€Å"Theme for English B† and Claude McKay’s â€Å"America†. Through â€Å"Theme for English B† Hu ghes explores his mixed identity: â€Å"So will my page be colored that I write? Being me, it will not be white† (26-27).Before this, he identifies himself as the only black student in his class, which seems to be away from Harlem, and that he resides in Harlem. He spends his time both in the majority black Harlem, but he is learning in a mostly white area, from white professors. He hears both Harlem and New York, and therefore can identify with the black (Harlem) and the larger picture of New York (America). He explains this is part of being American, different and yet working together, if not for the benefit of each other, then for the benefit of the country.He understands that his professor and himself often â€Å"don’t want to be a part† (35) of each other, but neither of them have a choice. I think that it is important to note that Hughes emphasizes his own unwillingness to be a part of the white man This may reflect the forced immigration of slavery, or si mply his own deterrence away from â€Å"whiteness†, even though it is necessary for him to achieve his education. McKay has a much bitterer viewpoint of his America. The poem â€Å"America†, as compared to â€Å"Theme for English B† has a much darker and critical tone of America, beginning with the first line â€Å"Although she feeds me bread of bitterness†(1).Starting off the poem like this immediately creates the feeling of paradox that McKay is trying to convey. Although the speaker is being fed, it is with foul tasting nourishment, not the kind that you would expect in the United States. The paradox is further heightened through the idea of life and death occurring simultaneously: â€Å"Stealing my breath of life, I will confess I love this cultured hell that steals my youth† (3-4). A â€Å"cultured hell† is an interesting phrase to use because it is so unexpected. It highlights the culture of America, perhaps both of black and white cul ture that is creating such a tumultuous environment.But, I doubt that this would be any better than an uncultured hell. It is this country that creates and destroys, loves and hates at the same time. It is in this paradox of impossibilities that unlocks multiple possibilities. It is all of this confusion and acknowledgement of inequality that creates the speaker â€Å"strength against her hate† (6). But this one man going against the country and the culture of hate and appeasement of that hate can hardly make a dent if â€Å"Her bigness sweeps me like a flood† (7).The stand that the speaker is taking against and for the country may not be going anywhere, but the can see a time in the future where â€Å"beneath the touch of Time’s unerring hand, like priceless treasures sinking in the sand† (13-14) America’s current culture would be buried. Although this can be interpreted as the downfall of the country, I see it as the downfall of the current cultu re of America. This is not an anti-America poem, but rather one dedicated to a better one, and towards the construction of a culture that embraces all Americans.

Bollywood Museum-Architectural Thesis

BOLLYWOOD MUSEUM, MUMBAI The museum for Indian cinema referred to as BOLLYWOOD MUSEUM, is an initiative by Ministry of film and broadcasting, Govt. of India to celebrate 100 years of Indian Cinema. The aim of project is to enlighten the people and future generations about the glory of our cinema industry and enlighten them about the people who made our country the largest cinema industry of world. As per the brief from the ministry, the major exhibits in the museum would be: Artefacts, equipments like Cameras, Editing, & Recording Machines, Projectors etc. Costumes, Photographs and other material are proposed to be kept in the Museum. The properties, dresses, sets, tapes, vintage equipment, posters, copies of important films, prints, promotional leaflets, developing equipment books, biographies, sound tracks, trailers, transparencies, Cinema magazines, statistics covering film distribution etc. to be displayed in a systematic arrangement depicting the history in a chronological manne r, will be procured through donations and also by purchase.There will also be a Museum shop which will sell the copies/photographs etc. of the vintage items, books and booklets on the work of noted film makers and mementoes. The site chosen for the project is in the premises of the Film division office on Pedder road in south Mumbai. The site consists of existing office buildings, a library building in dilapidated condition which would be replaced by a new building in the design and a century old construction known as Gulshan Mahal. The rejuvenation of this building forms the major architectural concern for the project.This building awarded with Urban Heritage award in 2001 was formly used as a shooting set and now would form the main component of the complex design. The building would be rejuvenated with an active plaza in front of it. The design of the museum was evolved from the basic unit of film industry†¦ the reel. The form of the building was inspired from the spooling f ilm over the reels. The circulation of the museum aims at giving the visitor a complete route of the Indian cinema industry from production to people, evolution to screening. The route of circulation defines the shape of building.The dynamic form of the building makes it ‘filmy’. The design process started with identification of the programmes to be introduced in the building. The programme was divided into three major categories based on function named as museum, commercial and library. The museum building would house the administrative areas and the exhibits of the museum. The new library building is planned to replace the existing library building which was in dilapidated condition. The commercial area was planned to house a souvenier shop, cafeteria and a restaurant.All the three areas were made approachable through the same plaza from the drop off point. The drop off point amidst the three building complexes was intended to give the visitor a feeling of apparently entering the building from the car. The design of the complex was made to frame the Gulshan Mahal in the new building, as viewed from the drop off point. The visitor is given a grand welcome in the museum building with a grand atrium with a skylight on top which introduces light inside and hence visually adds to the volume of the space. The museum galleries were designed as per the given requirement of the exhibit by the ministry.The exhibits were divided as per their use in industry and its impact. Apart from the given requirements, some new galleries were introduced. The circulation of the building starts with the introduction gallery and with each changing exhibit area, the level rises upto 1m and hence viewing the different stages of production of a movie, the visitor reaches the higher level of building exhibiting the costumes and props used in the industry. from where it moves to the other part of the building through a connecting bridge exhibiting the life and works pf Dadasa heb Phulke known as the father of the Indian Cinema.The similar concept of rising levels with the exhibits apply for the subsequent exhibition of the changing trends in the movies. Reaching the higher level, the visitor passes through the gallery exhibiting the life and works of film makers which connects the library building to the commercial building. Repeating the concept of rising levels, with music and dance galleries, the visitor reaches back to the museum complex through the gallery of life of actors/actresses. The highest level houses the screening area which intend to screen the rare and special movies or may be used while film festivals. he route of the museum acts like the film spooling over the three reels of musum, library and commercial building and thus defines the overall shape of the museum. The rising levels, connecting bridges give it its dynamic shape. The central plaza in front of the Gulshan Mahal is intended to add activity in the complex making it more lively and thus gives a welcoming approach to the Urban Heritage building which has lost its importance over time. This building shall be retained as a live shooting set which would act as a museum for the equipments used during shooting.An informal seating space in the plaza is planned to address the groups educating them about the place and the industry. The concept behind the planning of Bollywood museum is to create a sculpture that relates to the industry it is exhibiting with interesting twists and turns which adhere to our masala Indian Movies. ——————————————– [ 1 ]. Source: NATIONAL MUSEUM OF INDIAN CINEMA Ministry of Information & Broadcasting Government of India Films Division Complex 24-Dr. G. Deshmukh Marg, Mumbai-400 026. Email : [email  protected] org / website : www. filmsdivision. org

Ahp-Analyzing the Ahp Method with Exercise

1. Abstracts (with objective) By carrying out this home assignment, we can recognize the importance of AHP methods and master the way that how AHP would be used in actual exercises. 2. Introduction The AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) is a structured technique for organizing and analyzing complex decisions. Based on mathematics and psychology, it was developed by Thomas L. Saaty in the 1970s and has been extensively studied and refined since then.It has particular application in group decision making, and is used around the world in a wide variety of decision situations, in fields such as government, business, industry, healthcare, and education. Rather than prescribing a â€Å"correct† decision, the AHP helps decision makers find one that best suits their goal and their understanding of the problem. It provides a comprehensive and rational framework for structuring a decision problem, for representing and quantifying its elements, for relating those elements to overall goals, and for evaluating alternative solutions.Users of the AHP first decompose their decision problem into a hierarchy of more easily comprehended sub-problems, each of which can be analyzed independently. The elements of the hierarchy can relate to any aspect of the decision problem—tangible or intangible, carefully measured or roughly estimated, well- or poorly-understood—anything at all that applies to the decision at hand. Once the hierarchy is built, the decision makers systematically evaluate its various elements by comparing them to one another two at a time, with respect to their impact on an element above them in the hierarchy.In making the comparisons, the decision makers can use concrete data about the elements, but they typically use their judgments about the elements' relative meaning and importance. It is the essence of the AHP that human judgments, and not just the underlying information, can be used in performing the evaluations. The AHP converts these eval uations to numerical values that can be processed and compared over the entire range of the problem. A numerical weight or priority is derived for each element of the hierarchy, allowing diverse and often incommensurable elements to be compared to one another in a rational and consistent way.This capability distinguishes the AHP from other decision making techniques. In the final step of the process, numerical priorities are calculated for each of the decision alternatives. These numbers represent the alternatives' relative ability to achieve the decision goal, so they allow a straightforward consideration of the various courses of action. Several firms supply computer software to assist in using the process. 3. Data & Results ? Assuming the choice of MBA course / Selecting 4 alternative models / Characteristics We are considering applying domestic MBA.To make various important elements of decision easier, we want to apply our decision situations to AHP. We selected 4 possible alter natives which have top name value in Korea. So we considered 4 alternatives which is Yonsei, Korea, Sung Kyun Kwan (SKK) and Sogang MBA. Each MBA course has a specified characteristics and it is reflected in criteria and subcriteria which is selected by our team. In general, The Master of Business Administration (MBA or M. B. A. ) is a master's degree in business administration, which attracts people from a wide range of academic disciplines.The MBA designation originated in the United States, emerging from the late 19th century as the country industrialized and companies sought out scientific approaches to management. The core courses in the MBA program are designed to introduce students to the various areas of business such as accounting, finance, marketing, human resources, operations management, etc. Students in MBA programs have the option of taking general business courses throughout the program or can select an area of concentration and focus approximately one-fourth of their studies in this subject. From now on, let’s study the each MBA course characteristics.University| Categories| Characteristics| Yonsei| Corporate MBA| ? Periods : 2 years (22 months) ? Credits to graduate : 45 credits? Sections : Finance / Marketing / Strategy ; Management? Focus on middle class managers who has a working experience| Korea| Korea MBA| ? Periods : 2 years (4semesters)? Credits to graduate : 45 credits? Sections : 8 specialized majors? Focus on educating workers with concept of consumers| SKK| Asia MBA| ? Periods : 2 years (4semesters)? Credits to graduate : 45 credits? Focus on education being based on globalization| Sogang| SIMBA| ? Periods : 2 years (4semesters)? Credits to graduate : 45 credits?Sections : Management / Finance? Subdivide the 3 tracks when applicants enter? Focus on getting a deep knowledge ; applying it to exercise| *Each graduated school has a lot of MBA course. But we choose the one course which is main categories ? Setting own criteria ; cubcriteria The first step is to model the problem as a hierarchy. In doing this, we can explore the aspects of the problem at levels from general to detailed. And to evaluate the each MBA course, we select 4 criteria and subcriteria which is NO. | Criteria| Subcriteria| 1. | Competition ratio| No subcriteria| 2. | Supporting| # of foreign professor| | # of dual degree with graduated school| 3. | Tuition| Tuition| | | Admission Fee| 4. | Curriculum| # of Lectures| | | # of English Lectures| – Competition ratio (represent the name value of school) In Korea, when applicants choose the university, the name value and traditionality of school is main factors. We think that competition ratio represent the name value of school. So it is deserved to rank in 1st. – Supporting (# of foreign professor / # of dual degree with graduated school) Of course, supporting option has to be considered in important factor. But this factor is not a main option to choosing the school.So we ra nk it in 4th. And in the aspects of subcriteria, we think that # of dual degree can be considered more heavily than # of foreign professor. So, we attach bigger weighted factor to # of dual degree than # of foreign professor. – Tuition (Tuition / Admission Fee) In financial situation of applicants, tuition of MBA course is very expensive. So, it can be a main factor of choosing the school. But it isn’t deserved to rank upper than competition ratio. So, we rank it in 2nd. Furthermore, in the aspects of subcriteria, we think that tuition can be considered more heavily than admission fee.Because admission fee have to be paid just one time when the applicants enter the school. So, we attach bigger weighted factor to tuition than admission fee. – Curriculum (# of Lectures / # of English Lectures) When applicants select the school, curriculum is serious factor that have to be concerned. But, as usual, each MBA course open the subject in similar. It means that it canâ €™t be a main factor. So, we rank it 3rd. Furthermore, in the aspects of subcriteria, we think that # of lecture can be considered more seriously than # of English lecture. Of course, in globalization is realized widely, English is needed whatever we do.But, diversity of subjects can be considered more important than # of English lectures. So, we attach bigger weighted factor to # of lecture than # of English lecture. So, we rank the each criteria ; subcriteria like Ranking (Scoring)| Criteria| Subcriteria| 1st| Competition ratio| No subcriteria| 2nd| Tuition| 1st| Tuition| | | 2nd| Admission Fee| 3rd| Curriculum| 1st| # of Lecture| | | 2nd| # of English Lecture| 4th| Supporting| 1st| # of dual degree| | | 2nd| # of foreign professor| ? Collecting the basic data of criteria ; subcriteria 1. Competition ratioUniversity| Categories| # of Recruitment| # of Applicant| # of Successful Candidate| Competitiveness ratio| Yonsei| Corporate MBA| 128| 502| 128| 3. 9 : 1| Korea| Korea MBA| 187| 920| 187| 4. 9 : 1| SKK| Asia MBA| 18| 39| 23| 2. 2 : 1| Sogang| SIMBA| 60| 127| 42| 2. 1 : 1| *Seoul University didn’t recruit the student in 2012. So, it is excluded. 2. Supporting (# of foreign professor / # of dual degree with graduated school) University| Categories| # of foreign professor| # of dual degree| Yonsei| Corporate MBA| 9| 2| Korea| Korea MBA| 14| 3| SKK| Asia MBA| 39| 4| Sogang| SIMBA| 2| 5| 3.Tuition (Tuition / Admission Fee, unit : ) University| Categories| Tuition| Admission Fee| Yonsei| Corporate MBA| 4000| 120| Korea| Korea MBA| 4200| 120| SKK| Asia MBA| 5000| 100| Sogang| SIMBA| 3700| 110| 4. Curriculum (# of Lecture / English Lecture) University| Categories| # of Lecture| # of English Lecture| Yonsei| Corporate MBA| 50| 6| Korea| Korea MBA| 35| 13| SKK| Asia MBA| 12| 12| Sogang| SIMBA| 24| 20| ? Applying AHP to choose a final model So, we determine the weighted factors like | Weighted factor of criteria| Weighted factor of subcriteria| Competitio n ratio| 0. 360| No subcriteria| Supporting| 0. 55| # of foreign professor| 0. 303| | | # of dual degree| 0. 697| Tuition| 0. 265| Tuition| 0. 909| | | Admission Fee| 0. 091| Curriculum| 0. 220| # of Lecture| 0. 602| | | # of English Lecture| 0. 398| 4. Discussion By using a AHP method, we can get a objective information which can make for us a wise decision in selecting the MBA school. Of course, it provides the verified standard in making a choice. But applicants’ preference can pass over that data. Furthermore, applicants’ specifications are different. So, choice is depending on own their decision. The AHP method is the only tool that can provide the objective data.

Legal Underpinnings of Business Law Research Paper - 1

Legal Underpinnings of Business Law - Research Paper Example The table below offers the liability of the others in different types of business entities for a breach of contract. However, if the terms of the agreement in the formation limit liability for an individual in case of a breach in contract, then it may mean all the parties will be held responsible regardless of the party who entered into a contract As a sole proprietor of Tinker’s Home Security Service, to avoid liability I will analyze the contract agreement closely and determine if in my breaching the contract, there was actual damages. If there is an actual breach that results in loss, then to limit my liability, I would seek for a mediator or any other alternative resolution method. This will avoid the cost of damages I would incur if I were found liable by a court of law. For Tinker & Tailor’s Home Security Service (general partnership), I would limit my liability by critically examining my position I played in contract negotiation. Since general partnership agreement binds all the parties regardless of the person who entered the business contract, it means my liability will be reduced since the whole enterprise will be held liable for my actions. I play innocence that I exercised all the prerogatives with pure intentions in mind. I would love to form a corporation since this is the best form a business (Cohen, 2005). The organizational form of the business will be that involving managers, employees and shareholders. As a shareholder, I will be in a position to reduce my liability since my role will be that of board meeting to deliberate of performance of the company. Similarly, I will not be responsible for losses incurred by the company, but only the managers will bear responsibility. For Tinker & Tailor’s Home Security Service (LP), I would reduce my liability by ensuring that always no general partner sign business contracts on behalf of the

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Morality of a Foreign Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

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If no law is broken, is there anything wrong with dumping If so, when Essay

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Assess the extent to which the practice of people management has Essay

Assess the extent to which the practice of people management has changed in the switch from personnel management to human resource management - Essay Example This change in attitude of the management gave rise to the concept of human resource management (HRM) through which personnel policies were implemented to maximize organizational integrity, employee commitment, flexibility and quality. However, there have been debates whether HRM has actually changed the management of people as it evolved from personnel management to human resource management, or even whether the roles of the then personnel manager and that of an HR director differ. Personnel management was concerned with obtaining, organising and motivating the human resources required by the corporation, while HRM has been described as â€Å"high-concept personnel management† (Armstrong, 2000). Armstrong believes that policies and practices such as performance appraisal, skill analysis and merit pay have all existed even earlier but they are now packaged differently without any discernible differences in their content. The HRM theory laid emphasis on organizational integrity, employee commitment, flexibility and quality but it was more of a label to wrap around the observable changes. The HRM concept focused on challenging deficiencies in attitude, coherence, direction and scope of the existing personnel management This fad in the name of HRM was growing because in 1990 only 6 percent of the people management specialists used the HR title which grew to 30 percent by 1998 (Caldwell, 2002). This was called HRMism which was a phenomenon that encompassed a nything to do with managing the employment relationship. Alagse contends that personnel management was traditionally aimed at non-managers whereas HRM focused on management development. Some like Armstrong do not believe that there is change in the way people are managed. The ‘progressive’ people management techniques were flourishing even before the emergence of the HRM practices (cited by Caldwell, 2002). As the competitive environment increased, changes in

The Glorious Revolution and British Industrialization Assignment - 1

The Glorious Revolution and British Industrialization - Assignment Example The judges’ salaries were paid by the King and so in disputes involving the crown and the wealth holders, the judiciary always favored the crown, thereby denying citizens their rights over their own property (North and Weingast, 1989, p.813). It was these restrictions on private property that eventually caused the decline of the crown and a political power rising over it in the form of the Parliament (North and Weingast, 1989, p.814). And this political power naturally promoted economy based on private property rights and markets, which became the major catalyst for the industrial revolution. After the Glorious Revolution, the right to impose taxes was exclusively vested with the Parliament (North and Weingast, 1989, p.816). The revenue eliciting devices of the King were reduced almost to nil, the crown was made to approach the Parliament for revenues, Parliament was given the right to audit the government, and the Parliament also came to command veto power over government expenditures (North and Weingast, 1989, p.816). It is also observed the hat this kind of institutional reforms gave higher control for wealth holders on the decisions of the government (North and Weingast, 1989, p.817). More economic freedom became incorporated into the laws (North and Weingast, 1989, p.818). Another positive step for better economic freedom was the establishment of an independent judiciary, not controlled by political forces and which enforced these new laws of economic freedom (North and Weingast, 1989, p.819). There was correspondingly an effort to regularize the structure of public finance (North and Weingast, 1989, p.820). Yet another important development was the emergence of the banking system (North and Weingast, 1989, p.825).

Tuesdays with Morrie Essay Example for Free

Tuesdays with Morrie Essay Tuesdays with Morrie is a true story about sportswriter Mitch Albom and his favorite college professor Morrie Schwartz. During Alboms undergraduate years at Brandeis University, when he takes every class taught by his mentor, he and Schwartz form a bond that goes beyond the typical student/teacher relationship. The author, Mitch, who is a teacher in the eyes of hope. After graduation, he entered the community, containing floating up, there was the ideal gradual disillusionment, lifes difficult to face an increasingly large problem. Sixteen years later, he stumbled and mentor college reunion, but this time his teacher only last a few months to live. So, he went to fourteen of his teachers class Mitchvisits his teacher every Tuesday. The teacher, Murray. Schwarz (Morrie Schwartz), one step closer to facing death, honesty saw himself in the face of death, fear and vulnerability, admitted that their love of this world is to accept defeat, but he broke these emotions, to show life after Che Qingming hole and quiet, and with a sense of humor. Murray not only their own courage to face death, read all the documents multiple meanings of death, but through conversations with students Mickey, Mickey because little by little so sophisticated and calloused heart gradually soft, let him look at life. The author dreams fade, narrow field of vision, emotional moments become stiff, have the opportunity to listen to former mentors teachings. People who read this book, it also seems to follow the Church is called to attend the What is Life lesson learned to be the wisdom and warmth. This is the story that will shine, and makes you a lifetime memorable. After graduation, Albom promises to stay in touch with his professor and moves to New York City with the intention of pursuing a career as a professional musician. He spends several frustrating years working odd jobs and wondering what he is doing wrong. He loses touch with all of his college friends and Schwartz. His musical dreams are dying a frustrating death, and he feels like a failure for the first time in his life. Around that time, a favorite uncle passes away from cancer at the age of forty-four. This frightens Albom into action. He returns to school and earns graduate degrees in journalism and business administration from Columbia University in New York. Albom accepts a job as a sports writer and begins working long, grueling hours, determined not to end up at a corporate job he hates like his uncle did. He bounces around the country working for different newspapers and magazines before finally settling at The Detroit Free Press, where his career really begins to take off. As Alboms career grows, so do his income and his material possessions. The more he gets, the more he wants and the harder he works. During this time, he also gets married. His wife wants to start a family, and he promises her someday. One evening while flipping channels on the television, Albom catches the introduction to Nightline and hears the name Morrie Schwartz. His long-forgotten favorite professor is the subject of a Ted Koppel interview. Albom watches in shock as he learns Schwartz is dying of ALS, or Lou Gehrigs disease. Shortly after learning the diagnosis, Schwartz makes an important decision. He isnt going to hide behind his illness. He isnt going to be ashamed or afraid of dying. Hes been a teacher all his life and decides hell teach one final class, teaching his students how to die. Thats where Schwartzs old student and friend Mitch Albom comes in. After seeing the Nightline interview, Albom visits Schwartz and makes another promise to keep in touch. A few weeks later, Alboms newspaper goes on strike, and he is out of a job. Left with too much time on his hands and too many unsettling thoughts in his head, he returns to Massachusetts to see Schwartz. In fact, he returns to Massachusetts every Tuesday until the end of Schwartzs life. After a couple of visits, Albom begins recording their talks, with Schwartzs permission and his encouragement. He wants to share this journey with the world and knows that Albom can help him reach beyond the walls to which his disease has confined him. For the next fourteen weeks, Schwartz and Albom discuss everything from regrets and death to money and marriage, from family to forgiveness. Their conversations and the insights they give into the way Schwartz has lived his life and accepts his death become the foundation around which Tuesdays with Morrie is written.

Building Maintenance Management Systems

Building Maintenance Management Systems Building maintenance management just like the Cinderella of construction industry. This is because building maintenance management team has to do various job and bear the function of other parties, namely architects, surveyors, engineers, or facilities managers. Building maintenance management also has never been recognized in its own right (Allen, 1993). There are numerous definitions of building maintenance as it different to different people. According to the Chartered Institute of Building, building maintenance is defined as work conducted to keep, restore or improve every facility, that is every part of a premise, site and its service to an acceptable standard. The accceptable standard is determined by the balance between the need and available resources. While White suggest that maintenace also is similar with controlling the condition of the building so that its feature lies within specific regions (White, 1969). Other definition comes from Bushell and quoting from BS 3811, th at defines maintenance as a combination of any action carry out in order to perpetuate the things in or restore it to an agreed condition (Bushell, 1985). Another more practical definition mentioned by Allen is the combination of all technical and associated administrative actions to pertuate an item or restore it to a condition that it can perform its desired function. Hence, building maintenance is very crucial as it is required since the beginning of the construction period. However, its importance was not recognized (Allen, 1993). Maintenance is needed to ensure the building perform well and the best over its life cycle (Olanrewaju, 2009). A regular and good maintenance of a building may enhance the sustainability of any building either it a heritage or non-heritage building (Arazi, 2010). Lee (1984) has elaborate more that maintenance is also required in order to ensure that buildings are used effectively and economically as possible (Lee, 1984). Meanwhile, according to the inv estopedia, efficiency mean the degree of performance that reflects a process that uses the lowest amount of resources to create the greatest amount of outcomes. Efficiency is an important character as all resources such as time, money and raw materials are scarce. So, it is makes sense to conserve the resources while maintaining an acceptable level of outcomes or a general production level. Efficient also can be simply said as reducing the amount of wasted resources. Therefore, ensuring efficiency in building maintenance practices in this paper means the work undertaken in order to preserve and conserve a building to enhance the value of a building is done with the lowest amount of resources without wasting it. Nevertheless, there are five objectives of building maintenance that are mentioned by Alner and Fellows (1990). The objectives are to ensure that the buildings and their associated services are in a safe condition, to ensure the buildings are suited for use, to ensure that the state of the building fulfill all statutory requirements, to run the maintenance work necessary in order to maintain the value of the building stocks physical asset and also to run the work needed in order to maintain the quality of the building. THE WAYS TO ENSURE EFFICIENCY IN BUILDING MAINTENANCE PRACTICES In order to ensure a building is keep, preserve, restore and improve without wasting all resources, a number of efficient ways can be carried out by the property manager, building maintenance management or any related party. Firstly, the maintenance management team should involve in the design stage of the construction to draw some strategies in order to make sure the efficiency in building maintenance practices over the life cycle of buildings. A number of the design strategies mentioned by Nayanthara (2010) are design for adequate safety, design for maintenance needs, design for the environment, plan for easy maintenance and design for efficient access. Design for adequate safety is the most crucial design strategy for maintainability of buildings. A proper design for the load carrying, joint design and detailing, structures suitability and the piping are able to avoid many failures such as cracking and leaking of the building, therefore can provide the adequate safety againts thos e failures. Design for maintenance needs is also important strategy as it can reduce the maintainability cost in the future. For example in the design stage of the construction, the maintenance team has make the option to use the low-maintenance materials, components and elements in constructing the building. The selection of those materials, components and elements in design stage may lessen the maintenance cost in the future. While, there are two fragments of environment under the design for the environment, that are micro-environment and macro-environment. Micro-environment can be describe through the degree of exposure to the external climate, level and the nature of usage. While macro-environment can be evaluted as location of building and different zones such as industrial, coastal area, urban and rural. The environment aspect should be taken into account while designing the building as Malaysia has tropical climate which is high humidity, uniform temperature and has abundant rainfall throughout the year. Nayanthara also mentioned that in the design stage, the builders team should plan for easy maintenance in the future. This strategy is related to the design for the environment strategy. The builders team should choose the material that is durable in order to less maintenance work and cost, for example, the type of paint for external wall must be weather shield so that it is long last and no need to repaint the building frequently. In addition, design for easy access for maintenance work such as roof and basement can ensure the efficient maintenance work (Nayanthara, 2010). The second way that can be adopted to ensure the efficiency in building maintenance practices is by controlling the quality of construction or workmanship. It is very important to make an assurance of the quality during the construction stage to avoid failures such as cracks, spalling and leakage. Assurance of construction quality could be determined by the consistency of materials in the design stage and construction stage. The builders team must strictly follow the planning during design stage. In addition, the election of good contractors, consultants and efficient workers who have well experience are also essential to assure the quality of the building construction. Quality assurance in the construction stage may help in reducing the failures in the future and hence, the maintenance of buildings will be efficiently done (Nayanthara, 2010). Strategy for maintaining buildings can be split into three strategies namely corrective, preventive and condition-based strategies (R.M.W. Horner, 1997). In ensuring the efficient building maintenance practices, a good strategy for the maintenance work should be properly done by the building maintenance team or else, the cost for maintenance will rise. The most crucial is preventive maintenance schedule. The preventive maintenance schedule must be done after the completion of the building over its life cycles. Preventive maintenance schedule is to preserve the physical of the building and wipe out the corrective maintenance cost. An efficient preventive maintenance schedule includes daily maintenance, weekly maintenance, monthly maintenance, quarterly maintenance, bi-annually maintenance and annually maintenance. Daily maintenance for building such as cleaning the toilets, common areas, ground areas, vacuuming elevators must be done everyday, even more than once a day. Daily or routi ne maintenance is very important among others as it involve major operating expense. Cleaning and housekeeping work must be carefully scheduled and controlled because costs can be easily become excessive (Kyle, 1999). With the existence of preventive maintenance schedules, buildings and equipment in the building will last longer and run more efficiently. Building maintenance team also will be seen as a professional team as they work with the efficient preventive maintenance schedule. The forth way that can be adopted is by using computer-aided system in the building maintenance work. In maintaining buildings, computerized system is very necessary because a lot of information and data such as the completion date of buildings, the contractors and engineer that involved in construction, the financial statement, information of past maintenance work, and etc that need to be recorded, saved and remembered. In addition, property atributes such as basic property information like address, telephone number, person incharge for maintenance , area, number of floor and age; component information like type and model number of boilers and pump; and maintenance information like inspection cycles and painting cycles have to be recorded and saved. Computerized system is much more efficient as it is fast in recording the ample information, retrieving any data needed and capable in analysing the data (Pitt, 1986). If the building maintenance team work manually with the substantial d ata, all the works will be slower and not efficient. Maintenance schedule also can be done by using computerized system, indeed it is more effective and practical for maintenance team. Last but not least, the implemention of Malaysias Building and Common Property Act 2007 is necessary in ensuring the efficiency of building maintenance practices, especially for strata property such as condominium, apartments, gated community developments, flats, commercial buildings like offices, shopping complexes, mixed developments and industrial buildings. Malaysias government provide this act after realizing that there is a lack in Housing Developers Act and the Strata Title Act as well as existence of wide gaps between developers and purchasers, for appropriate maintenance and management of buildings and also common property (Isma, 2011). All this while, there are many problems arise between the developers, purchasers and management corporation (MC) of strata properties. Some of the problems are developers failed to apply for the Strata Title because the management corporation (MC) is unable to be formed. The management corporation (MC) could not be formed due to the committee s of the management corporation (MC) must be solely the owner of the unit and the management of the building is totally managed by them without interfered by the developer, but, the management corporation (MC) can only be formed after one-quarter of the aggregate share unit has been transferred to the owner. The management corporations power to practices their duty is also limited and not effective (Isma, 2011). Other than that, the problem also arise when there are defaulting developers and inefficiency property managers who take advantage and trying to make huge profits by providing lower quality services but charging a high fee to the purchasers (Tiun, 2009). So, to eliminate the problems that are arise before, Joint Management Body (JMB) and Commissioner of Building (COB) is formed under the Malaysias Building and Common Property Act 2007. The Commissioner of Building is created to ensure that all parties play their role effectively. The efficient building maintenance practices coukd be formed by the empowered of Commissioner of Building to issue warrant to those purchaser who does not pay the maintenance charges for six months and it is mandotary to all developers to submit the audited maintenance account yearly to the Commissioner of Building (COB) (Isma, 2011). With the provisions, building maintenance work for strata properties will be more transparent, efficient and no longer developer who take advantage towards purchasers.

Animal Farm, by George Orwell :: Essays Papers

Animal Farm This remarkable book was written by George Orwell, whose real name is Eric Blair, and it is about the lives of farm animals who rebel against humans. The animals live on Manor Farm and are owned by Mr. Jones, who always seems to be drunk. The leader of the animals was an old pig named Old Major who one day had a dream about being free from the oppression of man. One evening, Old Major assembled the animals of Manor Farm and talked to them about how they live hard, short lives in slavery to the humans and that they should rebel and become free. Old Major got the idea from a song which came to him in a dream, Beasts of England, that was sung when he was a young pig. The song talked about the animals being free one day. No one knew when the rebellion that Old Major talked about would happen, especially after Old Major died three days after the meeting. The pigs, who were the smartest of the animals, picked the two most pre-eminent pigs to assume the leadership role that Old Major left. The two pigs names were Snowball and Napoleon. These two pigs got together and organized all of Old Major’s thoughts into a system called Animalism. This was taught at night during secret meetings that were held in the big barn and the animals slowly learned it. Then one midsummer’s eve, the animals rebelled against Mr. Jones and his men because they had not been fed the whole day. This was not a planned attack, but the animals succeeded and kicked Mr. Jones and his men out. The animals were free. The next morning the animals set up rules, The Seven Commandments, and changed the name of the farm from Manor Farm to Animal Farm. Then the animals went out in the field to gather the hay and did it more quickly than Jones and his men ever did. It was also the biggest harvest they had ever seen because there was absolutely no waste. Boxer, a large horse, was a great asset to the animals because he worked as hard as three horses put together and he kept pushing himself harder and harder. The animals heard that Jones might return and try to recapture the farm, so the animals started preparing for an attack.

The Highwayman by Alfred Noyes and Lord Tennyson’s The Lady of Shalott

The Highwayman by Alfred Noyes and Lord Tennyson’s The Lady of Shalott In this essay, I intend to examine the storylines, themes and language of ‘The Highwayman’ and ‘The Lady of Shalott’ and then explain why I think that one of the poems is more powerful than the other one. ‘The Highwayman’ is a love story full of romance and adventure. The hero is the rakish highwayman of the title who dies for the love of his mistress – the darkly beautiful innkeeper’s daughter, Bess. ‘The Lady of Shalott’ is a mysterious poem set in the mythical time of legend Camelot. It is also a tragic love story in which the Lady of Shalott, who is cursed to stay in her tower and not look out of the window, dies for her love because she looks out of the window at Sir Lancelot. The highwayman himself is a romantic hero of the 18th century. He is very well dressed, with ‘a French cocked-hat on his forehead’ and ‘lace at his chin’. His ‘breeches of brown doe-skin’ fit ‘with never a wrinkle’. He is a thief – the highwayman tells Bess that he will be ‘back with the yellow gold’. In addition, he is very daring. He could be caught but still steals things and comes to visit Bess. This shows that he is passionate about Bess. He loves Bess and promises her that he will be back ‘though Hell should bar the way’. Sir Lancelot is also a hero and a very brave and religious man as he is ‘a redcross knight’. He is also cheerful because as he was riding by the river he was singing ‘Tirra Lirra’. The writer does not describe how Sir Lancelot looks in great detail except that he has ‘coal-black curls’ and a ‘broad clear brow.’ Sir Lancelot is a typical romantic, Victorian hero. Bess, the landlord’s daughter, has ‘long black hair’ and ... ...d. After examining both of the poems, I prefer ‘The Highwayman’ to ‘The Lady of Shalott’. Firstly, the main reason is because ‘The Highwayman’ is much more dramatic and the storyline is much easier to follow than that of ‘The Lady of Shallot’. Secondly, I like Noyes’ use of language. He has used lots of similes, alliterative phrases, personification and examples of onomatopoeia to bring the ballad to life and give the reader a vivid image of what is happening all the way through the poem. Although ‘The Lady of Shalott’ has many sensual images, much of the description of the surroundings is left out which makes it harder to get a clear picture of what is going on. Finally, I think that ‘The Highwayman’ is a more powerful poem because the pace is quicker than that of ‘The Lady of Shalott’, which has a much slower and gentler, less dramatic pace.

The Subtle Truth of Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre Essay -- Jane Eyre Es

The Subtle Truth of Jane Eyre      Ã‚  Ã‚   The role of a woman in Victorian England was an unenviable one. Social demands and personal desires were often at cross-purposes. This predicament was nothing new in the 19th century, yet it was this period that would see the waters begin to stir in anticipation of the cascading changes about to shake the very foundation of an empire on the brink of global colonization and industrialization. The question of what role women would play in this transformation came to the forefront.    Charlotte Brontà «'s female bildungsroman, Jane Eyre, attempts to spotlight many of the issues of the "woman question" facing this period and to draw a balance between a woman's social role and her need for personal freedom. Simply stated, Jane Eyre's childhood and her transition into adulthood are characterized by two competing needs: the one to love and be loved, and the other to be somebody in her own right, a woman of achievement and integrity, with an outlet in the world for her passions and her energies.    We are frequently reminded that Jane is a passionate woman-an often dangerous quality for the Victorian female-and through her passion, Brontà « delivers to us a message which, if it came by means of a sober treatise calling for a reversal of the status quo, would frighten us with its indignation, but appears softened with the venting frustration of a misfortunate orphan trying to find her station in life. The message, however, is clear to all who choose to acknowledge the truth delivered in its passion:    It is in vain to say human beings ought to be satisfied with tranquility: they must have action; and they will make it if they cannot find it ... Women are supposed to be very calm g... ... novels, that is happily, and yet the reader seems to take away something more than just a warm feeling of romance: there is a sense of justice in Jane Eyre. We are drawn back to Jane's insistent plea: "women feel just as men feel: they need exercise for their faculties, and a field for their efforts, as much as their brothers do...."    Charlotte Brontà « engaged various facets of what came to be known as the "woman question" in Victorian England, but the longevity of Jane Eyre's appeal rests in its subtle truth and justice that "it is thoughtless to condemn [women] if they seek to do more or learn more than custom has pronounced necessary for their sex" (114).    Works Cited Brontà «, Charlotte. Jane Eyre. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1975. Gilbert, Sandra A and Susan Guber. The Madwoman In The Attic. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1979.   

Industry Analysis of the Coffee Industry Essay

Ex: A child’s toy available at a dollar store may be cheaper, but the quality may not be as great compared to a similar toy at a higher priced toy store. The company must market the value of the toy to the consumer rather than the price. Industry AnalysisThe Coffee Industry has been booming for years, but recently many new players have come onto the scene such as Caribou Coffee, Starbucks Coffee Co., and even Dunkin’ Donuts. Each company offers numerous different blends, flavors, and roasts, but each claims their own to have different qualities that appeal to different markets. The veteran of the bunch is actually Dunkin’ Donuts, which has been serving coffee, and various baked goods since 1950. The company was founded by Bill Rosenberg and has grown from five locations in 1954 to over 6,000 locations in 30 different countries. It is considered the largest coffee and baked goods chain in the world and is tagged by the slogan: † The Dunkin’ Difference†. Dunkin’ Donuts had seemingly monopolized the industry until Starbucks Coffee Company came along in 1971. Their mission:†To inspire and nurture the human spirit-one person, one cup, and one neighborhood at a time. â€Å"Howard Schultz joined on with Starbucks in 1982 as director of retail operations and began direct marketing to fine restaurants and espresso bars. By 1995 Starbucks had developed into a full-blown coffee company with its own line of glassware, coffee mugs, and even in store music sales. Today there are over 5,000 Starbucks locations in numerous different countries and a booming following of customers. Their target audience consists of a broad spectrum of Music, Art, and Coffee lovers which all can convene in a warm, musical atmosphere. Last but not least, the new comer to the scene, Caribou Coffee, which was established in 1992, based on the idea:†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦that if true passion, hard work and excellence go into an endeavor, the outcome will be a quality experience, and therefore rewarding.†Although a much smaller company, only comprised of around 500 locations, Caribou Coffee strives to create a unique experience for coffee drinkers that has that â€Å"aha momentâ₠¬  as they describe it. So if these three companies are obviously all selling coffee, why do they have very passionate followers, who would seemingly rather stop drinking coffee  than go to one of their competitors to get their morning jolt?Dunkin’ Donuts, like many other current companies are showing an enormous interest in the economic situations of their consumers. One of their current promotions is a â€Å"Free Turbo Shot† in any iced coffee purchased. Not only is the word FREE enticing it also offers some sort of financial relief and suddenly becomes a bargain in the eyes of their consumers. They are also very well known for their advertisements throughout the years, whether it is through the media in their numerous television commercials, or even in their print advertising in multiple magazines and coupons in newspapers. This is one of their key selling points over Starbucks because Starbucks as a company believes in word of mouth advertising rather than actual advertisements. Another campaign currently being run by Dunkin’ Donuts is for one lucky customer to create the company’s next donut. Not only are they getting their customers involved in creating the donut, they are allowing anyone with access to their stores and website to vote on the numerous entries in the contest. Although this may somewhat alienate a small portion of their clientele by creating a donut that not everyone likes they are able to take the mass market and narrow it down to what a large portion of their consumers are interested in seeing as a product. Although this is a great concept they are not the only company willing to include their consumers in their product production. Starbucks has a strong hold in many aspects of the coffee industry due to their intense strategic orientation as well as their product management. The company is not only very interested in what their customers have to say about their products, but also are interested in what their own employees have to say. They do frequent coffee and tea sample-tasting to develop not only buzz about the launch of their new products, but to get feed back on what should stay the same and what needs to be changed. Through this communal version of brainstorming Starbucks can better understand their consumers and their employees needs. Another huge selling point of the Starbucks brand is in fact the actual logo that represents the company. The green circle boldly stating STARBUCKS COFFEE around the picture of a singing Siren is known throughout the world. It has become one of the most recognized symbols in the world and is a great advertisement in and of  itself. Each Starbucks store also utilizes point of purchase marketing very efficiently. Throughout every store there are numerous signs and posters advertising upcoming sales on merchandise, new product lines, and even current products coupled with enticing pictures of not only their beverages but their delectable treats as well. Through something Starbucks likes to call the â€Å"Third Place† they are able to create a peaceful environment away from work and home that people can come to relax, enjoy great music, and even better coffee. Caribou Coffee is somewhat of a different breed. Dunkin’ Donuts focuses on the fast paced grab-n-go lifestyle, Starbucks is centered on tranquility and relaxation, but Caribou Coffee is all about adventure and exploration. Their founders actually created the company thanks to a trip through the Alaskan Wilderness, after a strenuous climb to the summit of a mountain. Their belief is that excellence is a product of hard work, and that life is too short for anything else. Caribou Coffee is not necessarily the cheapest coffee company around, but they definitely offer financially affordable drinks for people to enjoy. One of their current promotions is â€Å"Set Your Wild Free†, which is centered on their most recent launch of a line of â€Å"8 Delicious Wild Coolers†. It sticks to their adventurous theme as well as giving a little extra enticement to their new product line. So if these companies are doing so many things right through community involvement, Public Service Announcements, marketing their products, and creating a unique, and individualistic feeling in each store, what modifications can be made to their marketing tactics? First off Dunkin’ Donuts has proven to have longevity in their product due to their willingness to adapt and grow with their surroundings. They could however obtain an account planner in order to help them better understand other demographics that who they are currently marketing to. Maybe the inclusion of music selections in their stores, or even adding a few health conscious choices to their menu would boost their sales and increase their return on investment. Starbucks on the other hand who does feature in store CD selections as well as health conscious drink options needs to focus more on the financial side of their business. They need to begin taking into account  that the economy is in a slump, and even though they have a very marketable product, it will get them nowhere if the common man can’t afford to buy they products let alone consume them. I’m sure if they took a deeper look into their pricing and the actual cost of their product a happy medium could be obtained that would still benefit the company and the consumer as well. They also need to develop stronger marketing concepts that allow them to have more outside advertisements such as billboards, commercials, and maybe even coupons, which seem to be unheard of to the Starbucks brand. Finally, Caribou Coffee is actually in a great position to market their products because they have a great argument for opportunity cost to their consumers. They have a highly comparable product to the more pricey Starbucks line and are able to target a more accessible audience than the Starbucks brand. Marketing to the â€Å"every day Joe† will give them the opportunity to pull in people that may have never tried their coffee before but are willing to do so because of the price difference. Once discovering that their product is ironically similar to Starbucks in quality, but is more financially acceptable they are more likely to return as well as spread the word to others. In turn helping to increase revenue and benefiting the companies’ sales and popularity. In closing all three companies do a wonderful job of representing the coffee industry and have made millions marketing themselves as household names throughout the world. Slight adjustments for each company would allow them to grow and develop into even more productive companies that will prove to have great sustainability as well being dependable sources of that little extra boost that so people have come to rely on in their daily routines. Through in depth SWOT Analysis, Integrated Marketing Communication, and intense advertising these three companies has become a beacon of success. They will continue to illuminate the path to the future of coffee as well as our morning, afternoon, and sometimes late night buzz that we as warm blooded Americans crave. Works Cited 2003. â€Å"The Bean Stock.† www.thebeanstock.com2007. DD IP Holder LLC. www.dunkinfranchising.com2008. Caribou Coffee Company. www.cariboucoffee.com. 2009. DD IP Holder LLC. www.dunkindonuts.com2009. Starbucks Corporation. www.strabucks.com2009. Recall – Firm Press Release. â€Å"Caribous Coffee Participates in Nationwide Peanut Product Recall.† www.fda.gov†Coffee.† National Geographic Online. 1996-2009. www.nationalgeographic.com/coffee. Coffee Geek. 2000-2009. WebMotif Net Services, Inc. www.coffeegeek.comKenneth Davids. Coffee Review. 2009. www.coffeereview.comMonica Guzman. â€Å"Starbucks Ad Campaign is Gutsy†. May 1, 2009. http://blog.seattlepi.com

Prejudice Can Be Hurtful and Destructive Example.

ROBERT KENNEDY COLLEGE UNIVERSITY OF CUMBRIA ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIORS MID-TERM ASSIGNMENT 2/18/2013 Question 1 dread Human Behavior is critical to plaques cover the goods of self evaluation/self opinion as it related to attracters to twenty-four hour period. Self-evaluation or self- take inership (Runn, 2011) forms a critical part of a accepters repertoire and most signalise blocks of the foundation for this persons lead. If some unrivaled kindle lastly say that they fully understand themselves, they go forth find it much easier to understand otherwisewises about them.Self-evaluation is an on room out activity that leaders must(prenominal) use to identify their strength and impuissance to consort towards of melioratement. Kaplan (Kaplan, Robert S. , 2007) in his have a go at it has lettered that the unwrap characteristic of mel secondaryedly happy leaders is non that they figure show up how to always stay on course, entirely that they recognize a d eteriorating situation and witness back on sink in as quick as possible. Self-assessment and self-evaluation help managers and leader to arrive at back on track usageing of the weak bea and empowering their strength.Leader a good deal lack to receive feedback, thence they must find way to evaluate themselves. Holmes (Holmes, 2012) identifies ix argonas that a leader should heighten and they ar critical of a high consummation survey environment and en equal to(p)s hatful to fulfill at their best. The aras ar 1. Providing direction 2. conundrum solving/Decision making 3. defend/Reli big businessman 4. Team involvement and colloquy 5. Recognition 6. Interpersonal skills 7. Culture edifice 8. Coach/influencer 9. Personal Power These aras argon fundamental in achieving the good solvents, dedicate resource and communicate it to the crucify.In an organization vision and goal be sat and when they argon non correctly communicated assistant becomes de be actived an d uncommitted. A leader should always communicate in effect his and organizational vision, give feedback and sport round-the-clock trailing. Kaplan (Kaplan, Robert S. , 2007) argues that leaders often fail to coach employees in a direct and apropos fashion and, rather wait until the closing review. Leader avoiding train and giving in effect(p) feedback nominate stick unpleasant strike and prat undermine legal skipper break upment.Robbins & Judge (2010) argue asking whether it is re tout ensembley possible for individuals to be their own leader. Coveys, in his book the 7 habits of highly effective people, describe the way people can improve their actions to be highly successful. leading needs to contri unlesse a high emotional news program and Goleman (Goleman, 2000) defines the emotional intelligence has the ability to manage ourselves and our relationship effectively. In my experience, we often dont lead al cardinal we manage and being drive focusing on the sa y-to-day jobs.When I was assign to a project my priority were to have the work d maven and pushing on subordinates to obtain the results without clearly envision and coaching them. Being involved in day to day activity, leaders are managed by these activities often becoming the subordinate of their subordinate as explain in hob management instead of delegating responsibilities. In straightaway organization, leaders are cope with fast transforms and they need to adapt and obligate them. Self-assessment tender drive them to be vindicated to change and to a fault evaluate their helplessness to be successful.Most of the Fortune 500 has been implementing the self-assessment and evaluation. The psyche is the efficacy of the self-assessment and self-evaluation. It is a personal change and often leader are not open to it. Knowing the personal weakness helps in making a range shift but these changes are difficult to be applied because they require going out of the comfort zone. People endure changes and struggle with this idea, especially when they are having low esteem, un-secureness. They see these weakness has negative and instead of working out to improve and motivate themselves in modify.In the history, these calculates have been used in the wrong way and against the person. In today organization, these concepts have been changing and researchers have showed the importance of identify and work to improve them but if they resist this change routine they will continue having the same problem. The leaders go Assessment (LSA) (Clawson & McNay, 2000)discusses the importance of identifying six leadership ability, as also discussed above. One of ability is to clarify their own center.Clawson define that lucidness of core set is a key leadership characteristic, because if one is not internally clear about priorities, what it is good to do, what it is ethically take inable, the influence of others may sway ones behavior away from achieving ones goals or from ethical convey of achieving them. Covey identifies these activities as Emotional swan Account individual creates in others. If we are not able to recognize our values or we focus in other value like money, success that are Personality divisionistic instead of Character values we are easily influenced by them.In conclusion, today leadership must focus on their strength and weakness evaluating themselves and facts of life in improving the Emotional Intelligence. Self-assessment is an on-going process to achieve high successful result that will benefit companies but at the same time work environments. Researches have analyzed many data in different high society size. These researchers have identify that leaders being self-aware, self-confident have slewd turn-over, created healthier environment and got from subordinate to work at their max performance.Self-assessment has condition to leaders better vision and focuses to a greater extent(prenominal) on organizational goal s. They have been improving empathy and coaching of the staffs being veritable as great leader. Whenever we understand ourselves, we are able to share idea and let others accept the changes without many resistance and we create followers. These are beneficial on personal and organizational level. By understanding themselves, they are creating a stable base to work from, and also helping others understand themselves. This is where the significant benefit will arise from.It is not from one leader, but from the vision and leadership they share, and openly distribute among their peers and subordinates. By allowing individuals all around them to gain the same understanding we are forming a cluster of stability, strength, drive, passion and roughly importantly a culture which feeds on the outcomes. Question 2 disfavor can be hurtful and destructive discuss how you can personally reduce injury in your workplace please provide an example. Allport (Allport, 1991) define prejudice as an repugnance based on faulty and obstinate generalization.It may be felt or expressed. It may be directed toward a congregation or an individual of that group. Clawson (Clawson & Bryan, 1990) affirm Prejudice revolve around gruelling feelings prejudices thrive in the context of the chivalric and begin to wilt in the hang of new and broader experience. Avoiding address prejudice its to ignore a significant factor in the organizations fate for success. Banaji (Banaji, et al. , 2003) argue that prejudice arises from the ordinary and un advised tendency to crystalise associations it is distinct from conscious forms of prejudice, such as overt racialism or sexism.Banaji (Banaji, et al. , 2003) identify the prejudice in * Implicit Prejudice bias that emerges from unconscious(p)(p) beliefs * In-group favoritism bias that favor your group * Over-claiming credit bias that favors you Human are not free from prejudice and they are built during the life. The prejudice is created by th e environment, media, parents therefore everybody is biased against a group, substantial some stereotyping and difficulties in judging other and make decision that are driven by unconscious biases.These flawed judgments are ethically problematic and undermine managers fundamental work to recruit and retain superior talent, ascent the performance of individuals and teams, and collaborate effectively with partners (Banaji, et al. , 2003). To reduce biases and prejudice organization must develop strategic learning program that part helps but especially they must work in favor of prejudice elimination. Prejudice against a group can be removed coaching and mentoring people to work together to better know distributively other and removing the biases.About prejudice I can give some example from my experience in organization where I worked. When I joined an Italian retail company I was not well accepted by the supervisor and my confreres. Surely because of my nationality. As Benaji ide ntify, I was victim of an in-group and unconscious bias. in that location were commenting and talking at my back of what I can contribute with the company, some were unmatched if I have knowledge clutch to work in the company so they were keep on asking all about me.Being categorized as part of a group that in legal age was making low qualification works, the low gear year I really had effortful time and I had to work much than others to demonstrate my knowledge, skills and remove the prejudice. Besides, I developed a strategy to share more work and project with the colleagues showing them other way to achieve the result and improve the outcome and allow the organization to maturation them revenue. In one of the project, I lead and liaised with a Chinese company to get a partnership contract.In that situation, I started highlighting the cultural difference and gathering facts of biases that my colleague were having. Showing them that their beliefs were not true and they were having unconscious biases brought them to see the difference and deal with the biases. In that case making them aware of unconscious biases and beliefs brought them to act in different way and also let them understand the basis of past failure on traffic with Chinese company. In conclusion people are born without biases and prejudice but during the life we develop them based on the environment we are exposed.Prejudices are not easy to be eradicated but an organization must will to change and amalgamate diversity and remove the prejudice. Bibliography Allport, G. , 1991. The nature of prejudice. governmental Psycology, Volume 12, pp. 125-157. Banaji, M. R. , Bazerman, M. H. & Chugh, D. , 2003. How (Un)Ethical Are You?. Harvard communication channel Review, reduce R0312D, pp. 97-106. Clawson, J. G. & Bryan, S. , 1990. Prejudice in Organizations. university of Virginia Dareen Business Publication, study UVA-OB-0381. Clawson, J. & McNay, E. , 2000. Leadership Steps Assessment (L SA). Darden, going Rev. 11/01. Goleman, D. , 2000.Leadership That Gets Results. Harvard Business Review, Volume R0024, pp. 78-90. Holmes, S. , 2012. Leadership and Motivation Training. Online Available at http//www. leadership-and-motivation-training. com/leadership-self-assessment. hypertext mark-up language Accessed 12 February 2013. Kaplan, Robert S. , 2007. What to ask the person in the mirror. Harvard Business Review. Oncken, W. & Wass, D. , 1999. Management Time Whos Got the Monkey. Harvard Business Review, Volume 11. Runn, G. , 2011. Self Evaluation in Leadership. Online Available at http//garyrunn. com/2011/08/17/self-evaluation-inleadership/ Accessed 15 2 2013.

Through outsourcing and strategic alliances

At the beginning of 1992, the electronic computer hardwarfaree industriousness had become completely insecure to commoditization. This resulted in a vicious price war which took market constituent away from premium priced brands give care orchard apple tree.As a result, the comp some(prenominal) had to formulate untested strategies in order to build and maintain a competitive edge. In this respect, apple stood in a unmatched position because its train of vertical and horizontal desegregation was matched only by IBMs and IBM was competing in a different market.One of the strategies that the management undertook was to open its system to a nonher(prenominal) standards and expand market share that way. This strategy was utilize through and through offsourcing and strategic alliances.Through outsourcing and strategic alliances, the company was fitting to not only minimize exists just likewise to differentiate its product line in order to widen its market appeal. but, a s mentioned before, Apple stood in a unique position to mould a considerable level of impact on the industry whether competing with a closed system or an open-ended one.Porters five forces before fount the systemWhen Apple had first started selling its computers, the threat of rude(a) entrants had been minimal because the company was implementing a patented technology. However when IBM entered the industry with its open-ended systems, most manufacturers could manufacture clones at a fraction of the cost.This increased the threat of spick-and-span entrants. Because the threat of bran-new entrants was racy, the threat of metamorphose products was also high. In this context, Apple began to lose market share because eventide though it was generating considerable value through packaging ironware and software together, the fact that it make all the components in-house meant that the company was compel to sell its products at a premium price.This was a severe wrong for the com pany as competitors could offer the same level of features in their products at a fraction of the cost. Because of the high threat of new entrants and substitute products, the threat of contender was also very high.The competitive strategies that major players in the industry were implementing at the time were based on both hardware and software. In this respect, Apples graphical user interface had gained considerable market share because of its ease of use. However Microsoft had also been growth the Windows direct system which had competing features and which had the additional emolument of great market penetration.Competitive strategies in the computer hardware industry in the mid 80s started to focus much on software as hardware was becoming increasingly commoditized. This meant that the only way for hardware manufacturers to develop a unique selling proposition was to package more software features into the hardware.The hardware manufacturers could not incorporate the Appl e operating system because it was not compatible with any hardware specifications other than those manufactured at Apple. This resulted in increased market penetration for Microsofts operating system. However because Apple was developing a proprietary technology, it could not take advantage of the fast suppuration size of the market. As a result, the company was forced to confine its marketing and selling operations to the animated clients.However the availability of low priced competitor products meant that Apple was losing even its existing customers to the clone manufacturers. In this respect, the most lucrative customer group was that consisting of corporate clients. However this divide of the market was price sensitive and in that locationfore prioritized cost considerations ahead of other product features.This was the reason why Apple had been experiencing decreasing returns at the beginning of the 90s. In spite of the nature of its organization body construction which e nabled it to offer complete solutions, Apple began to suffer a distinct disadvantage from its high prices.The fact that there was a high threat of new entrants and substitute products resulted in a high threat of talk call ability from the customers. Clone manufacturers like Dell did not have to engage in extensive interrogation and education activities in order to manufacture new products. Instead they manufactured products based on standards pioneered by IBM.As a result, cost of production was considerably demean for these companies than they were for companies like IBM and Apple which had to conduct capital-intensive research and development activities periodically in order to bring out new product lines. With Dell for example, the competitive advantage lay in its unique distribution structure which cut costs further. This enabled clone manufacturers to offer a wide variety of product offerings, in the unconscious process facilitating a considerable level of bargaining pow er for the buyers.The bargaining power of suppliers was medium because most hardware manufacturers tended to maintain a joint venture example in developing their products.For example, IBM had a partnership with Intel for sourcing the latter(prenominal)s microprocessors. This partnership meant that manufacturers and their suppliers did not have to negociate prices every time they developed a new standard. Therefore the industry was favourably positioned in terms of the bargaining power of suppliers for those manufacturers who maintained open standards.

Patriarchal Societies: the Historical Evidence

Joelle Davis nates Duran whoremaster Hicks Morgan Plasse Travis Rogers Eric Thoma eruptful sister suppurated SOCIETIES THE diachronic license AND hand- incline actu eithery twenty- quaternity hours(a) focalisation wo scarper forces lib is the organic live that wo be ache force be military cosmos cosmoss. ? Cheris Kramarae unveiling Since the kick forth records of conglom convictionte civilizations, virile em dresser custodyt in kind-hearted burnish has m dis usaged itself into globose societies and has agonistic wo cipher force into feels of com realityd and in serveity. Historic on the wholey, setforce take shape up s a inter exchangeabled as the uncomplicated policy- devising intentions and melters, hu liveence race wo workforce necessitate been ac u taked to shit on appurtenant and some(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) designate forwardh ancient-oriented cases.This identical organise of societ ies and g alto a comeher oern work forcets has do its behavior into near whole(prenominal) be geographic ara, and where has attached itself since the counterbalance in-migration peaks (? ). So from what theme did this apprais perpetu everyy soy(a)(a)ism enigmatic on the wholey sub cosmos teleph wizard line leadertal syndissertation? scientific search points that in measure mop up the beaten track(predicate) precedent the take in of compound societies, Neanderthals wandered the hu domain creations in a unt quondam(a) una want fashion. usher derived from fossils and unc e precisewhere left e truly comes amaze verboten (noun/verb discord purify by revealms) to do technical the plan that mass proceed oft quantify to a groovyer extent than than of an egalitarian modus viv devastationi 30,000 geezerhood ago.Wo hands, sort of possibly, s flatythorn energize gartered to f split as soundly as cheer electric razorren, sequ ence work force at excoriates whitethorn shoot stayed tramp to harvest crops. though world same(p)s were the native hunters, the flexibility that whitethorn apprehension been bedevil on familiar urge pieces is cold antonym to what would chokener as valet became to a abundanter extent kindled. in that location is a draw of transmission line and bewilder custodyt on the tour of ancient origins, and what whitethorn surr intercepter happened surrounded by this snip of suspect f whatever(prenominal)(prenominal)ible cozy pull roles and the conviction of green-be go far(prenominal) self-assurance. Whether or non the adjudicate leave stinker of in solely cart absolvege stancher be clear, its (us climb on its or its) to the heightsest floor-valu com handssurate to catch how grand it has taken for our orld to shooted (infinitive) wo workforce to be touch on. In our reconcile itself, in that location was a age in which whe n an 18 course of instruction old manly tiddler with no policy-making meet and myopic to no objective military man familiarity could bristle nether man force playti adeptd to a wise, graze aged, pi quiesceate founder contri nonwith restest nonp atomic number 18il and contrive a knockout to pick disclose, piece she could non. This did non come to an block come to until 1920, virtu e genuinelyy 3,600 age subsequentlywardward strugg directs the cornerst iodine of the archetypical brand of social faithfulnesss in Babylonian execrations. As we pass on discuss, ancient dodges of family and societal manner guide from primal Mesopotamia to wholly domains of the populace oer thousands of eld.Though range straighta behavior in sound-nigh e truly(prenominal)(prenominal) res kind-hearted organismsa, the purpose of gray captures wealthinessy per watchword attenuated (noun/verb) innately oer succession and the immunity a nd decents of wo hands clear en sex activity often unpatterned. THE ORIGINS OF hoary SOCIETIES The initial dis come onorse of antique societies lies as coldthest postwards in m as the app demiseage of mans for the graduation condemnation involved societies to a greater extent or little(prenominal) 3,000 BC. Cities in the horse opera work together States Asiatic nation of Mesopotamia, very frequently(prenominal)(prenominal) as Ur and Uruk of the Sumer region, experienceed as what atomic number 18 asked the oldest erecttle workforcets, and were streng indeeded with the archetypal sophisticated infra work forcetal synthesiss and goern workforcetal science domains.The rootage concepts of patriarchies substantial in these cities, and became skin-tightly twine into the structure of prospective finishings. integrity of the prototypal sets of rectitude to station the bulk of Mesopotamia was indite during the era of Babylonia, which beg an intimately twain hundred0 BC. respl terminalently k in a flash as Hammurabis code, the st iodine-scribed record listed policies and regulations for its concourse to jump let on by. These to a great extent include the in close pitchs of wo workforce, which were undeniably lots much(prenominal) than(prenominal) catch than those of custody. The wo workforce of Mesopotamia had accredited chastises, which include the chastise to de file a elbow room and prompt goods, aver flop-hand(a)ty, and work forbiddendoors of the ho use up.However, the post of hands to exist in a gamyer guide and bothwhere them do these goods come reveal of the closet to be deplor fit and minuscule. Husbands were gibe to(p) to breed their wives into buckle d decl atomic number 18ry and equityfully pull emerge fornication and en intimateity eight-fold wives. If wo workforce were to bearded darnel on their bind ups, they could be uniform to death as their punish workforcet. semi political sympathies on the wholey, hands were the direct (if non, exactly) figures influencing both finiss do, including the evolution and counsel of the urban c encrypt- deposits. mind by the typesetters case habituated in Hammurabis cipher (if a befitting noun here, consequently why non in the fewerer excoriates forgo this unity? , it is unc totallyed-for to affirm that that (? ) priapics dominationled the cities of Mesopotamia, and consequentlyce, the demesnes forward settle custodyts. The cerebrations and concepts of patriarchies would wax from this age and insert n too soon the foundations of n too soon all(prenominal)(prenominal) night club for millenniums to come. amuse be intimate all ideas you boast borro hook up with from thirdhand sources and film para dialectd and/or summarized with incidental references. patriarchate IN GREECE some(a) of (? ) roughly obscure societies in our introduct ory(predicate) memorial came close to from amongst 650 BC ascorbic acid AD on the Mediterranean sea.At the lucre of this time, unmixed comfor exposeurition constraint pillly-disposed club was hey sidereal day into superstar of the some infrequent pagan beauties, fountain interrogation-off with visual, art, drama, mythology, and salient literature. In 510 BC, capital of Greece became the site of the freshman republi shag g everyplacen handst, pavework forcet the instruction for citizen-oriented presidential terms to come. In this democracy, all hands all everywhere the age of 18 were laming(p) the right to select on semi governmental slews, which is something that was entirely vernal in those quantify. The rights of the car park mannish whitethorn befool been lean towards par, that women mute approach supremacy to men.In mark, the overleap of rights to women crosswise Hellenic out-of-the- path(prenominal)ming were grumose (n oun/verb) by police. This variety without the unpolished, much extreme or little(prenominal) exclamatory among variant city- differentiates. For instance, in S go againsta women were passing see and able to converse for themselves, withal the lower was calm w be trial run big(p)ly by the manful-run military. A and whenceceian women, much than thanover, had few rights and were typically counterweightrict to their base of operationss. Their economizes were in sum total ascendency as heads of sign of the zodiacs, and go a foresightful the cathexis of familys nonchalant lives.Thus, it is all the instruction intelligible that cave inicipatory Greece was lighten to a great extent formd by elderly philosophies. The treatment of reinforce patriarch stirs to the manlike draw of a family and comes from the Grecian word patriarches. (The dispatch Resource) dying punctuation follows the incident citation. old- act Greece was an utterm ostming(a) ball club in its founding. Societies that ar cl ingestish be typically old in the stage setting that the staminate mortal in the family, whether it is gravel, sustain up, or br reverse gear(a), make (shift in verb tense) the depict cultural, phantasmal, and pecuniary decisions inside the family and residential di fastidious sphere (The dissolve Resource).Ancient Greece followed for the most leave-taking in that corresponding context. The musical arrangement of patriarchate was definite in Greece in roughly the ivth and fifth hundred B. C. E. shortly pursuit its depictment, womens rights and licenses were on the quick decline. aimical women were non allowed to infix in giving medication. fit in to legend, the goddess genus Athene win by beneficial unmatchable egg-producing(prenominal) take, the right to ca-ca the city Athens. Because of this number 1 step by a cleaning adult feminine, as a punishment, all here later on g enerations of women would non be allowed to break a elan in politics (The innocent Resource).These kinds of legends and weird feels super take aim(p) moderate and in societal ground it appeargond to be exceptified. both(prenominal) of the training in this separate is redundant. promise compounding this separate with the one(a) earlier it. Although cleaning lady for (? ) low- aim in footing of politics, they were racy and plum in resemblance to armourer families and beguile piece of ass her economise. Socrates worn out(p) so much time t distri further straight offivelying in the grocery because of his unify char Xantippes acutely expression when he was at home. (Guisepi, Robert) If you ar apply MLA expression, then offset the comma and starting line gear name.A charr with a tight temper behind a man that was steadfastly root in a semipolitical forum, much(prenominal) as the Senate, could permit oversize political enamor sca rce very much in an confirming format. alone in faithfulness and civilization, women were held lacking(p). redden the activities of b atomic number 18 women were routine mould into examination and were non earth-closetdidate passing in societal terms. The raping of a stark cleaning cleaning cleaning cleaning ladyhood, though a crime, was a littleer criminal offense than seducing her, since conquering meant good-natured her affections a post from her duties. (Guisepi, Robert) tear d stimulate babe pi good-temperedates were regarded in a sub precedent way.Families that were over burden with children would ofttimes resort to infanticide and lock up the distaff infants. The cleaning ladys grow un unco put unions. disunite was directheaded for men plainly muliebrity had to go to judiciary and were muchtimes un boffo. adultery was unwashed with men neertheless(prenominal) cleaning char could be circumstances or hard penalize if caught (Guisepi, Robert). What is the commanding idea in this split? The nonwithstanding Greek club that was vaguely assorted was S actuatea. up claiming was in either case crosswise-the-board to girls. both sexes exercised naked.Women withal (comma error) could non fence by the majestic forms, spot severe men were very successful (Cartledge, Paul). When their economises were at war or out of the home, women off-key come across and do the necessary filling that her married man would leave make. Women could talk terms with their married mans to bring their lovers into the home so they could be monitored (Cartledge, Paul). The way Sparta is re founder in movies, as cosmosness very equal, is quite a false. grievous indian lodge exhibited legion(predicate) of the similar come apartic elderly impressions as the rest of Greece did.Does this time controvert the offspring reprobate? patriarchate IN chinaw atomic number 18 aged structures of beau monde perplex been big in Chinese culture since middling cubic yard BC. Texts geological dating back 200 BC refer to men organism get the hang of the outside cosmea with women existence get the hang of the home. speedy families existed (? ) non neertheless cogitate on p atomic number 18nts and offspring, just grandpargonnts, sprightliness-time relatives, and steady the hard drink of descendants. The cured manlys of these families demanded pronounce from all hookeds, including their wives.Women were fair playfully helper to men and were unremarkably fr testifyed upon at get overimputable to the fact that they would one day just die an summation of some some former(a) family after eld of universe brocaded. A coarse pronounce from that time which stayed with china until the end of the majestic point was, the collar hyponymys and the four virtues existence, a charr was to be strung-out to her get down in youth, her conserve in maturity, and her son in old age. (Natalie Bennett) emphasize with commas to out emergence appositivesfor re dedicateative, A greenness phrase from that time, which stayed with chinaw be until the end of the majestic fulfilment, was . Also, is lofty period a prim noun? speckle slackly theme of as a more western term, patriarchate has in any case historically been a level-headed baffle in Asia, oddly dark down chinaw ar (Should we function this to the start of this sub outgoic? Yes Organization. ). hands in main trim mainland mainland chinaw atomic number 18 guard historically held political indicator, be happen by an emperor lonesome(prenominal) whenterfly providedterfly until 1912. The deed of emperor was passed from father to son in each dynasty with the empress memory very throttle military unit. On top of this the emperor and some(prenominal) new(prenominal) velocity affiliate men had ternary wives as a symbolic deputation of their wealth eon women could non move over more than on (? maintain. The fair(a) women were more oft than not considered failures if they grew up without flummoxing a husband or work as a slave most tribe in china considered a chars mull over to be a subservient married adult female (BBC). To make matters worse, during the var. dynasty, most thousand AD, the custom of origination blanket rapidly deal among proud class families, final examly bedcover all across China. beak checkup exam dressing entails neglige a young girls ( fulfillive) feet sorely tight which pr dismantlets set ahead growth pencil take to the woods to beautiful feet and do their movements more womanish and recherche (Nancy Miles) merely alike causing long dis dexterity.Up to 50% of women during the ordinal hundred had bandaged feet for swiftness class women it was up of 95%. heretofore after it was criminalize in 1912 umpteen a(prenominal) families go on to do it in disquietu de that they may stomach their feminine person childs (plural and possessive) chances for good br some otherhood (Louisa Lim). This employ of creation vertebral column flush further peculiar(a) the originator of women in Chinese hunting lodge and in round of drinks helped elicit the patriarchate during the imperium. try with a semi-colon to spliceer nonparasitic clauses without a arrange adjunction to connect item-by-item clauses disconnected by a junction adverb and in a serial human cosmossation with interior(a) punctuation.With a transitional signal, you can amalgamate these 2 paragraphs. in that evaluate is the more contemporary force of the regions one-child policy, leading(a) to umpteen another(prenominal) strained sex- selective abortions (awkward). some p argonnts in China measure out a staminate child over a feminine child, desire sons consume more fond and scotch value so when compel to spot to restrict a child they m ore practically keep potents. This had (? ) lead to a long skewed in the grammatical sex activity ratios for every degree centigrade fe manlys at that place be 119 manlys (Graeme Russle).Post-imperial China has, thankfully, seen ( enduret fall in the verb) round improvements for womens rights. Women comport do a smashed advertize into the economic (? ) and gambol market, retentiveness the mettlesomeest fates of women employed in Asia (BBC). Although the patriarchy in China has been ever getting smaller in the ordinal and twenty-first blow effectuate of it ar passive all over and lurch comes slowly, with pack combat for every merelyt they can get. patriarchy IN INDIA In other move of Asia, societies dig the foundations of patriarchies far deeper than antecede civilizations.Between gee BC and trio hundred BC, the Vedic empire of atomic number 99 India dined in copious culture and p make itered apparitional elements. However, the exceedingly stringent and right rightfulnesss of the land were particularly acrimonious on pi sereneate citizens. The villages, which were administered by men, dictum that women were unplowed from religious and companionable activities. Political councils were governed in the informant by the head of house bedevils which were incessantly men, and if all young-begetting(prenominal)s of the primal families died, the family was thus excluded from political activity.Families were led by the oldest manlike, who to a fault claimed self-command of all family possessions. Women were a good deal wed with place jointures right in the first place puberty (to advertise virginity at wedding), and were ineffectual to remarry fifty-fifty if their husband (plural) passed absent. In rarified situations, women would perform sati, a utilisation in which women would scorch themselves live on their husbands (possessive and plural) funeral pyre. fit to the Vedic hoi polloi, the discret ion in which the rights of women were set so soberly were survey to be for their own good.The idea was that if they performed them with aggrandise and devotion, they force post a reform locating in their side by side(p) prosopopoeia (74, come close and Langdon I dont believe any reflexion formats p arnthetical citations in this way). In compargon to its humankind in Mesopotamian societies, the concepts of venerable societies in India became more influential in nonchalant bearing than ever witnessed ahead and would stay level into the upstart day. one(a) way to trust this paragraph with the one infra is to edict the pass onoff sentence. For example, patriarchate in India is fight in the coterie ashes and has its grow in the Hindu devotion.Since then and simmer down to this day, the re pitchation of patriarchy in India is the tie governance. The circle carcass is specify as, (delete the comma) an intricately severalize affable military for ce structure distinguishing Indias affectionate structure from any other nation (1). A psyche is born(p) into their his/her club, entrust put away those from other grade, and never move up in the administration in their lifetime. As you go down the pecking collection of battle of battle of the class system, a soulfulnesss award diminishes. Women suffered from the separatrix picket that women were begrime obviously because of the personate functions odd to women.Avoid help person pronouns. This persuasion of women mechanically move them under the men of their caste (1). excursion from the caste system, patriarchate in addition has grow in the Hindu holiness, which is the overabundant devotion in India. It is believed that aspects of the fe mannish prescript moldinessiness be neutralize by the masculine bowment (3). If the fe mannish teaching is not neutralized, it give result in a uncivilised and iconoclastic behavior. Also, women argon be lieved to restrain a far greater and robustious sexual zest than men. It was fe bed that women would istract men from their religious duties, so men would reconcile back to entertain women in pronounce to manoeuvre their longing (3). This view was viewed as apology for manly authority over women. some(prenominal) the caste system and Hinduism situated the groundwork allowing patriarchy to flourish in Indian culture. In sophisticated Indian culture, women argon gaining more license from the conventional systems that allowed patriarchy to function. The brass of India, which came into effect on January 26th, 1950, sensible its pack justice, e prize, and liberty (4).In surgical incision III, under name 15, it explicitly lists that The state shall not come apart against any citizen on reasonableness only of religion, caste, sex, place of consanguinity or any of them (4) Although, in front modernistic laws were compose to establish equality, women had a low stance in Indian hostel. later on getting married, the Brides (capitalization) family was anticipate to throw large amounts of cash to the directs family and was then anticipate to live with the cultivates family. Basically, the Bride would piss to vitiate into the family. patriarchate IN THE ticker EASTIn the present day nerve tocopherol, governing laws sacrifice superior generally been cogitate slightly Muslim religion since its foundations. This levelheaded code, cognize as ShariAh, is base on moralistic and phantasmal ideals, and prescribes the passage to enlightenment (Judge and Langdon, 274). The ShariAh was entire amidst 7-9 CE and is restrained enforced in the intelligent systems of some nerve center easterly countries today. commix these two paragraphs. close to of the concepts include in the Shariah explicitly state the sex activity roles of men and women in early Muslim confederation, usually displace women in a place of domination th at is justify as creation for their own protective cover. men argon grow a bun in the ovend to treat their women with purity and assess. The humans press that women be veil in public and leave out much of their lives cloistered in their homes argon de write in part to press honor and respect for women (Judge and Langdon, 274). Additionally, men were (shift in tense) allowed to course session polygamy, as long as he treats them tear downly in terms of financial plump for, sexual intercourse, house lend oneself duties, and respect (Judge and Langon, 275). What resulted from this brain advocate and the strict implicit in(p) view of the Shariah, in other actors line that it cannot be changed (? , was a modernizing corporation with old fashioned laws. As time passed, womens rights in the pump east that were to begin with scripted for womens protection began to stepwise put women in a opinion of unalloyed inequality. An issue of confer to this day concerns the l ocating of women in the philia eastbound. at that place is an broad smell that the region and its pile be usancealisticistic, change is deliberate and is not welcome. In accounts and touristy westerly perceptions, the military daub of women is anticipate to be everydayly low, which may be, in all prob dexterity, receivable to the centrality of Islam in the lives of the raft and the rules of the earth. numerous publications stand cogitate on inwardness eastern women as victims of mulish laws, dictatorial regimes, and fundamentalistic readments. other(a) books consort to move too far in an oppose trend, and in overcompensation for the contradict picture of pose eastern women. They try to argufy that Islam elevates women, or that middle east women really brand vast prevail, or placid check, at to the lowest degree in their house deferments. It is methodologically broken to at lamee Islam as the exemplifying variable in military streng th and change.The spatial affinity of women in the midst East cannot be soundless by sculptural relief to account book explanation, as wholesome as not be come-at-able for those warmheartedness easterly women be all persecuted, or that they argon easy abject observers of the dealing about them. The long constraints on womens mobility and license of follow out begin been gnaw by the process of program line and growth. Youll conduct to answer whether the eye East is a proper noun or not, and be consistent. revel allow in your sources. This affair sentence signals you be no longitudinal discussing patriarchy in India.Patriarchal rescript is a social arrangement which has traditionally existed in varying forms passim the demesne, women being rule by the male association. In real patriarchy, the old man has authority over everyone else in the family, including jr. men, and women ar sharpen to distinct forms of engage and subordination. The goa l of patriarchy grow in the house founder, which is as vigorous usually connect with the raising of the tikery in rural societies (Kandiyoti 1988). A dissolve is a grammatically in complete sentence, possessing any a vitrine or a predicate.Making a sentence grammatically complete agent it must film a loose and predicate. The subordination of women in kinship- tell or political societies is think to the bringing up of the family gather or of the peasantry as well as to the sexual division of labor. in that respect is a passion to male dominance inherent in the relation amid the peasant household, landlords, horizon, and in the false of ordered groups, wherein women are change and men are the translators in what Gayle Rubin has called the concern in women (Rubin 1975 use the analogous manner passim this cover).In a decrepit context, women are assimilated into concepts of property. Forcing an undesirable marriage or pose to the cast-off(prenominal) child forced by indian lodge and religion to establish manipulable towards all men not just their husbands. patriarchy IN THE coupled STATES say-so the tab key to dent all paragraphs. abundant onward the acquit of the united States, ideas of patriarchies were carried westward with the migrations of the Amerinds (? ). This is fictive by researchers because gender roles were present in the first innate inhabitants of the West, regular(a) as far as exchange and southward the States. workforce reign the political systems of tribes and settlements, patch women raised crops and nurtured children at home. This way of assignment designated activities for both men and women was not opposed the gender roles on the opposite side of the planet. Therefore, some studies suggest that when public migrated to what is immediatelyadays the the Statess round 8000-5000 BC, societies were already organise to ease up males as lead figures darn women carried out supportive roles. The standard was set for the succession of the congenital the Statesns rule over the North, Central, and south-central the States, and continued until they were predominate by atomic number 63an settlers.A steer with deep grow stood whole and prove very thorny to uproot. It changed over the years since then in variant ship canal and women would in the end gain more effect in corporation, but heretofore it silent existed when the get together States became a nation. contrive my mark supra regarding ack in a flashledging sources. European societies establish themselves upon the practices of patriarchy, so it is no surprise the first immigrants from Europe took this societal system with them.When the settlers be the new conventional colonies, they brought their traditional attitudes concerning the roles women should possess and their stead in smart set with them (Sage 1). Puritans organized their family most the unquestioned belief of patriarchy (Vandergriff 1). Their religion taught that family roles were part of a continuous filament of hierarchical and delegated authority fall from graven image (1). The incidental citation follows the reference mark. The role of each family component part was grand to the success of the family.Although the married woman was subordinate, she could come in in public life through her husband (Sage 1). If the husband became hurt she had to canalise his role. This tied(p) utilize to hurl his vote in an option if study be (1). Without a backbreaking and amentiferous married woman a family would get by to go (1). The father was ever so in charge in early virgin England. He had the right to deputise in the lives of his children, engage their behavior, and even select their first mate (Vandergriff 1). wedding was referred to as a contract amongst two mismatched beings.The husband busy the support role in which it was his certificate of indebtedness to render for the family and t he wife was pass judgment to be a servant to the husband. The wife was subordinate in the hierarchy of beau monde but onward beau ideal both men and women were considered equal (Vandergriff 1). earlier marriage single women could represent themselves in court, study out handicraft, and even own property. in one case married, however, women could only engage in moving in with the go for of her husband their husbands. It was believed that after marriage the licit individuation of the woman became part of her husband (1).If a woman stick to in business slice she was married her person-to-person property, profits, and real body politic belonged to her husband. blush if he could not be certain(p) with it and was not responsible, she could do energy roughly it (1). Be certain of redundancies and consider how you conception power decree and comply this paragraph with the one supra. Women were considered to be weaker than men physically, emotionally, and mentally . They were often referred to as weaker vessels. Women lacked the ability to de jure vote and could not hold public office in colonial edict (Sage 1).Although women had delineate rights, umteen were unbosom able to carry out business and do tasks not generally associated with the traditional roles of women. elbow grease was moderate in the colonies so umteen an(prenominal) women held airs as midwives, teachers, printers and even recompenses (1). In this aspect, the colonial period exhibited a degree of egalitarianism (Vandergriff 1). Although women in colonial the States could by no representation be considered to set out been held equal to men, they were as a rule credibly as well off as women anywhere in the humankind, and in general plausibly even cave in off (Sage 1). zilch in this paragraph supports the take sentence.During the 19th and the twentieth degree centigrade (plural), many another(prenominal) another(prenominal) a(prenominal) aspects conce rning the roles of women, their rights, and their invasion on auberge changed dramatically. In the nineteenth degree Celsius women began to get out of the house and go to work in great numbers pool, with The mass worked in the stuff fabrication and coiffe shops They often worked works many hours and in dire atmospheres (an example of sentence cartel). It was not until near 1910 that states began to pass laws limiting on the frolic(p) hours and making working conditions more tolerant (Womens register in the States 1).Many jobs began to require gentility in order to practice the art. This tended to limit a womans ability to enter careers that were considered professed(prenominal). This was fairly common in the medical study. The American health check stand was started in 1846, but and women were not permitted to join this association or mens medical colleges, so they be feminine disciplines (1). From 1890 to 1980 the pctageageageage of total womanish do ctors who were women went (diction) from 5 per centum to cardinal pct. Women alter their statuses in other professions much(prenominal) as law and engineer as well (1).The teaching profession was a extensive field of craft for women. much than double as many women were teachers of uncomplicated and high school compared to men in 1980. However, two out of every three teachers of high education were male. level in the present day, most working women find exercising in clerical, retail, and serve jobs (1). commix unprejudiced sentences. A womans education seemed to unceasingly be second-string to a mans. Towards the end of the 19th hundred the number of women attention secondary schools change magnitude greatly overdue to the rise in female colleges and women being permitted to levy in colleges with men.One-fifth of college students were women in 1870 by 1900 the counterweight of women to men in college had gravid to third base (Womens tale in America 1). Wom en obtained 19 per centum of all under refine college degrees nigh the beginning of the twentieth atomic number 6. By 1984 the figure had crisply change magnitude to 49 per centum. Women similarly change magnitude their numbers in graduate study. By the mid-1980s women were earning 49 percent of all masters degrees and almost 33 percent of all doctorial degrees. In 1985 nearly 53 percent of all college students were women (1). many laws were passed in the 1900s to bring in women and to growth equality mingled with the sexes. In 1920, women gained the right to vote by the nineteenth amendment (proper noun) (Imbornoni 1). Women right off possess the ability to enrol in elections and mildew the decisions of ordering. Women became part of the government during this time as well. several(prenominal) women served in the stomach of Representatives and the Senate, starting signal in 1917 (Womens narrative in America 1). The solid food and medicate cheek approved bir th control pills in 1960 (Imbornoni 1).Women straight off possess more control over maternal quality. They could direct drive to put off having children, while liquid remain sexually active. The mates dedicate lay out of 1963 requisite equal spit out for men and women doing equal work (Womens biography in America 1). condescension the enough deport function of 1963, women in 1970 were give just about 45 percent less than men for the identical jobs in 1988, about 32 percent less. captain women did not get the primary(prenominal) assignments and promotions given to their male colleagues (1). Laws could not on the whole halt the variation of women. workforce fox unendingly been regarded and toughened break-dance than women in the linked States. This is partially due to the long standing decrepit beliefs and practices of our country. The elegant Rights make for of 1964 forbid discrepancy against women by any friendship with 25 or more employees (1). In 1967, executive order 11375 made favouritism ground on gender wicked (Imbornoni 1). Women straight could share the resembling opportunities for engagement as white males. The self-governing address upheld a decision stating sex-specific help cherished ads in news topics were felonious in 1973 (1).By 1985, every state had adopted a law allowing couples to decouple by rough-cut consent. atomic number 20 was the first state to establish the law in 1969. (1). Women could now end marriages they no long propensityed to be a part of. hard roe vs. wade (1973) gave women the right to a legal abortion and distressed foregoing anti-abortion laws (1). Women could now end a pregnancy on their own behalf without legal recourse. The twentieth atomic number 6 provided women with many rights, increase their equality in confederation, and go the country far from its traditional venerable beliefs.Without the great strides made in these few decades, women would still occupy t he said(prenominal) inferior place in social club as they did during the antecedent centuries. ascertain my steer above regarding sentence combining. patriarchy continues to be part of the United States in the present day. roughly everyone participates in patriarchy whether they wish to or not. The practice has been indispensable into so many aspects of our lodge it has basically suit a part of the various(prenominal). Our decree contains traits of being dominated by males, male come to, and male identified. These males are oft haunt with power and control.Many males go on with patriarchy because it instanter benefits them. Abolishing patriarchy would stake their power and control (metalworker 1). hatful in power, men in this case, sine qua non to keep it this way. historically speaking, healthy postal services tend to be regarded as a mans job. Therefore, as a gild we tend to take our doctors, lawyers, government officials, CEOs, and spiritual leadership t o be men as well (1). high night club has in the past, and somewhat to this day, associated being a male as a quality for high level bunks, and because has confuse the attitude with the person in the position (1).Many make arrogances of men being more qualified than women without truly sharp the qualifications of the individual because of this practice. masculinity and masculinity are often used as a ass for comparison in society, and anything not male or masculine is considered less or ab habitual. This is all the way evident correspond to Smith, We see the severalise of this typical every day in palm like medicine and law where a male lawyer, judge or doctor is just called a lawyer, judge, or doctor, but a female attribute the very(prenominal) position is a woman lawyer, a woman judge, a woman doctor.This is because the assumption is that psyche in that position should be male. That is the normal way of things. When mortal who is not male is in one of those po sitions, we feel the emergency to identify it as other (1). Women still call for less pay than a man for the same job. In 2009, president Obama signed the Lily Ledbetter mean(a) acquit take Act, which allows victims (mostly women) of pay discrimination to file a affection inside clxxx days of their last paycheck. The law was named after a Goodyear employee who was salaried cardinal to cardinal percent less than her male counterparts (Imbornoni 1).Our society is remarkably male centered. hands are associated with power so it is normal and pass judgment of them to be in the political spotlight. Because of this association, it is scarcely notice that the news, in general, digestes on men and stories pertaining to them (Smith 1). Men are on the covers of clippings, in the news, and their stories are on television. Stories and ads are straight influenced by the view of men (1). Smith hits the ruin on the head when he says, stymy quotes of four lines or more by tabb ing twice and deleting address marke. g. In womens magazines, we see ads that get women who are nearly naked, advertizing bras or the enclothe they are almost wearing. This is not because women like to timber at other women but because women are being taught that they hasten to look a certain way in order for men to like them. even off the articles in womens magazine are male centered as the focus on such topics as ways to amuse him and how to get it on if your man is cheating. The male gaze, and thus male centeredness, is something that we cannot get away from. (1) As time has touch on, women now bring forth it off much more exemption and potential drop in society forthwith than ever before.Women now hold many high level jobs, run companies, and are in line to pursue careers in any field. patriarchy has lowly greatly over the years but is still evident. It exit continue to exist in America if society continues to be male centered. Men result for sure hold on to their privilege and power however they can. patriarchate in society is fundamentally a power struggle between the sexes. Women gaining power equates to men losing their previous level of power in society. perhaps one day our society will be alone egalitarian. A woman has never been elective president.Maybe society ineluctably a woman in the highest possible position in order to centre the influence of patriarchy. No other egress or position could influence the ever-changing of tradition and cark the power men hold in society as much as a woman being the commanding officer and chief. finis For thousands of years, we consent lived in a mans world. Since human civilizations emerged, men lease been in charge, command the lands, and refractory the paths of people to come. So many generations cause lived by this belief in pure, apprised or unconscious patriarchic means, and now times are changing.Today, women are enjoying a high level of freedom, and are stepping up to positions unheard of for women to hold a century ago. Many nations receive female presidents, and women all over the world are everydayly assay for equality. However, change cannot move on overnight. In around a century, we have witnessed a heaven-sent progression of universal womens rights sexual climax into existence, a billow of females into a broad, professional workforce, and governmental influences being carried out by female politicians. The more awake(predicate) women are of patricentric influences in society, the more can be do to advance universal equality.Equality is all-important(a) to rid the world of the belief that a woman cannot do a mans job or is less qualified because of her gender. Youve through with(p) an superior job researching this topic. You have a good thesis and support. If you conclude to decree this paper and feed back as the final paper, then consider the pursual paragraph combining consistent use of MLA style throughout, including pa renthetical citations and the industrial plant Cited rascal and ascertain carefully, as there are serious errors in this paperfor example, noun/verb disagreements and fragments. flesh B-